| Decoquinate
Introduction:
Decoquinate is a feed additive intended for
the control of coccidiosis, a debilitating protozoal
infection in poultry. The active agent is 4-hydroxyquinoline,
incorporated at 0.6 % by weight in the feed additive.
Evidence generated at the time of its introduction
suggested that a product delivering 20-40 mg of decoquinate
per kg complete feed was effective as a coccidiostat
for chickens. However, a full assessment of the present
day efficacy was not possible as an insufficient number
of trials had been carried out in the last ten or
so years, reflecting current production.
M.F.:
C24H35NO5
M.W.: 417.55
Property:
canary yellow or sandy beige powder.
Function:
1. Pharmacodynamacs: Decoquinate
Premix plays a role in the asexual propagation of
coccidium. Decoquinate Premix will stop the growth
of ascospore by disturbing the DNA synthesis. Decoquinate
Premix acts on the early living period of coccidium,
so it can prevent the harm of the fowl's intestinal
wall.
2.Pharmacokinetics: Decoquinate
Premix can be absorbed fastly. It can reach the virtual
concentration within 1 hour, and reach the highest
concentration after 3 days. After cattle and sheep
are given separately uncharted Decoquinate Premix
for 5 days and 7 days, then mainline the Decoquinate
Premix marked with 14 C (single dose) to them, the
radiation in plasma will reach the peak value after
one and a half hours. Decoquinate Premix are partly
metabolized in growth rat to make three kinds of metabolites
which structures can not be tested. However, only
two kinds of metabolites are tested from ruminant
and the proportions are lower than them in growth
rat. The mainly excretion pathway of ruminant is through
dung, then is urine. For example-- sheep, 36% Decoquinate
Premix can be excreted through urine, and 35% can
be excreted within 24 hours. All the Decoquinate Premix
and metabolites will be excreted within 3 days completely.
3.Decoquinate
has a wide margin of safety.
Calves
No adverse effects were seen when fed to calves at
40 times the highest recommended use level (0.5mg/kg
bw) or at 10 mg/kg bw per day for 10 days.
Decoquinate has also been fed at
12.5 times the recommended use level (0.5mg/kg bw)
for up to 6 moths.
Horses
Decoquinate was non-toxic to horses
when fed at 12.5 times the recommended level for 14
days.
Sheep
Decoquinate was found safe for sheep at 4g /kg/bw
in a single oral dose. Decoquinate has been fed to
lambs at rate of 200 grams/ton of complete feed for
31&87 days. No signs of toxicity were observed,
demonstrating at least an eightfold margin of safety.
Goats
No adverse reactions or abnormal tissues were observed
in goats fed decoquinate at 0.5 or 5.0 mg/kg body
weight (10x use level) for 84 days.
Growing chichens
Decoquinate has been given to growing
chickens as a single dose as high as 11.0 g /kg without
toxic effect.
Continuous feed medication at levels from 0.08% to
0.16% for 127 days produced with no adverse effects.
Swine
No indications of toxicity were observed in the behavior
or appearances of swine fed decoquinate in the feed
at levels of 3, 10, 100 and 300 grams per ton for
112 days. There was no significant difference in weight
gains and feed efficiency between medicated groups
and unmedicated controls.
Games birds
Decoquinate was found to be safe
for pheasants, pigeons and partridges when given at
5 mg/kg bw in a single dose.
Rats, mice and dogs
4.Multiple studies including
two year toxicity studies have been conducted with
no adverse effects on any body functions including
reproduction.
Use and Dosage:Chicken,
27.2g (according to Decoquinate Premix)/ 1000Kg mixed
fodder for 7~14 days
Adverse Reaction:No
Notice:Can not be used to layer chicken; can not be
used with fodder which contains bentonite.
Adverse Reaction:Five days.
Specifition: 100g : 6g
Packaging: 5kg /bag, 25kg /bag
Storage :Sealed, coll and shady place
Period of validity:3 years
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